In a 36-year-old Caucasian male with arterial hypertension and recurrent abdominal pain, imaging studies revealed multiple cysts limited to the left kidney. Results of basic laboratory tests, including serum creatinine and urinalysis, were normal. In effect, the diagnosis of Localized cystic disease of the kidney (LCDK) was established. Localized cystic disease of the kidney is a rare nonhereditary benigh condition of unknown etiology, and pathogenesis, which does not lead to kidney failure. It affects mostly men. Multiple cysts are Localized in only one kidney, or its portion, with the contralateral kidney unaffected. Patients usually report arterial hypertension, abdominal pain, and hematuria. Patients with LCDK do not require treatment except for antihypertensive and symptomatic medicines. However, follow-up with imaging studies is usually advised...